Authors - Agha Imran Husain, Sachin Lakra Abstract - In this paper, we proposed a novel swarm-based algorithm called the Flying Duck formation Energy Optimization Algorithm (FDEOA) for selecting cluster heads in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). The FDEOA method tries to minimize energy usage in WSNs by lowering the number of messages delivered by the sensor nodes. It is motivated by the formation of a flock of flying ducks. The best sensor node for the cluster head is chosen by the algorithm using a multi-objective fitness function that takes into account both energy usage and network connection. In terms of network longevity, energy usage, and the number of dead nodes, the FDEOA method is contrasted with other well-known clustering algorithms, including LEACH and SEP. Simulation findings reveal that the FDEOA algorithm beats the existing methods in terms of network lifetime and energy usage while retaining a high level of network connectedness. The suggested approach can be used on low-power sensor nodes and is computationally effective. The FDEOA algorithm has the potential to be used in a variety of WSN applications where network longevity and energy usage are important factors.
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